@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ plt.show()
371371!split
372372===== Two-qubit Hamiltonian =====
373373
374- We end this lecture with a discussion on how to rewrite the two-qubit Hamiltonian rom last week (and project 1)
374+ We end this review from last week with a discussion on how to rewrite the two-qubit Hamiltonian rom last week (and project 1)
375375!bt
376376\[
377377\mathcal{H}=\begin{bmatrix} \epsilon_{1}+V_z & 0 & 0 & V_x \\
434434!split
435435===== How do we perform measurements? =====
436436
437- The above tensor products need to rewritten in terms of specific
437+ The above tensor products have to be rewritten in terms of specific
438438transformations so that we can perform the measurements in the basis of
439439the Pauli-$\bm{Z}$ matrices. As we discussed earlier, we need to find
440440a transformation of the form
@@ -448,12 +448,11 @@ the identity matrix, $\bm{U}$ is a unitary matrix and $\bm{M}$
448448represents the gate/matrix which performs the measurements, often
449449represented by a Pauli-$\bm{Z}$ gate/matrix.
450450
451- The implementation of these measurements will be discussed next week.
452451
453452
454453!split
455454===== Explicit expressions =====
456- In order to perform our measurements, will then need the following operators $\bm{U}$
455+ In order to perform our measurements we need the following operators $\bm{U}$
457456!bt
458457\begin{align*}
459458\bm{Z}\otimes\bm{I}\hspace{1cm} & \bm{U}=\bm{I}\otimes\bm{I}\\
@@ -474,6 +473,10 @@ where we have
474473\]
475474!et
476475
476+ !split
477+ ===== More complete list and derivations of expressions for strings of operators =====
478+
479+ For a two qubit system we list here the possible transformations
477480
478481
479482!split
@@ -484,9 +487,9 @@ Physics _62_ (1965) 188), for the interaction among $2$ and more
484487fermions that can occupy two different energy levels.
485488
486489
490+ In project 1 we consider a two-fermion case and a four-fermion case.
487491
488-
489- For four fermions, the case we consider first here, each levels has
492+ For four fermions, the case we consider in the examples here, each levels has
490493degeneration $d=4$, leading to different total spin values. The two
491494levels have quantum numbers $\sigma=\pm 1$, with the upper level
492495having $2\sigma=+1$ and energy $\varepsilon_{1}= \varepsilon/2$. The
@@ -497,7 +500,8 @@ level has spin up. In addition, the substates of each level are
497500characterized by the quantum numbers $p=1,2,3,4$.
498501
499502
500-
503+ !split
504+ ===== Four fermion case =====
501505
502506We define the single-particle states (for the four fermion case which we will work on here)
503507!bt
@@ -508,6 +512,10 @@ We define the single-particle states (for the four fermion case which we will wo
508512\]
509513!et
510514The single-particle states span an orthonormal basis.
515+
516+ !split
517+ ===== Hamiltonian =====
518+
511519The Hamiltonian of the system is given by
512520
513521!bt
@@ -535,6 +543,8 @@ while $H_{2}$ is a spin-exchange term. The latter
535543moves a pair of fermions from a state $(p\sigma ,p' -\sigma)$ to a state
536544$(p-\sigma ,p'\sigma)$.
537545
546+ !split
547+ ===== Quasispin operators =====
538548
539549We are going to rewrite the above Hamiltonian in terms of so-called quasispin operators
540550!bt
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