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DEVICES.md

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Supported Devices

NeuroSkill supports 24 hardware variants across 14 device families, plus LSL streams, virtual EEG, and iroh remote relay — for a total of 27 input sources.

All devices feed into the same unified pipeline:

Device → DeviceAdapter → Session Runner → CSV/Parquet + BandAnalyzer DSP
    → EXG Embeddings (see `src-tauri/exg_catalog.json`) → HNSW Index
    → Hook Triggers → WebSocket Broadcast → Frontend

EEG Headbands

Device Manufacturer Channels Sample Rate Transport Crate Notes
Muse (1, 2, S, Monitor) InteraXon 4 (TP9, AF7, AF8, TP10) 256 Hz BLE muse-rs PPG (3ch, 64 Hz), IMU, battery
BrainBit (Original, 2, Pro) BrainBit LLC 4 (O1, O2, T3, T4) 250 Hz BLE (NeuroSDK2) brainbit Impedance on Rev-K
BrainBit Flex 4/8 BrainBit LLC 4–8 250 Hz BLE (NeuroSDK2) brainbit Flexible electrode placement
IDUN Guardian IDUN Technologies 1 250 Hz BLE idun Behind-ear EEG, cloud decode
NeuroSky MindWave / Mobile NeuroSky 1 (Fp1) 512 Hz USB/BT serial (ThinkGear) neurosky Single-channel consumer EEG

EEG Headsets

Device Manufacturer Channels Sample Rate Transport Crate Notes
Neurable MW75 Neuro Neurable / Master & Dynamic 12 500 Hz BLE mw75 Over-ear headphones with EEG
Hermes V1 RE-AK Nucleus 8 (Fp1, Fp2, AF3, AF4, F3, F4, FC1, FC2) 250 Hz BLE hermes-ble IMU
Emotiv EPOC X Emotiv 14 256 Hz Cortex WS emotiv via Emotiv Launcher
Emotiv Insight Emotiv 5 128 Hz Cortex WS emotiv via Emotiv Launcher
Emotiv EPOC Flex Emotiv 32 256 Hz Cortex WS emotiv Research-grade
Emotiv MN8 Emotiv 2 128 Hz Cortex WS emotiv In-ear
g.tec Unicorn Hybrid Black g.tec medical engineering 8 (EEG 1–8) 250 Hz BLE (Unicorn API) gtec + 3-axis accel + gyro

EEG Amplifiers (Research-Grade)

Device Manufacturer Channels Sample Rate Transport Crate Notes
OpenBCI Cyton OpenBCI 8 250 Hz USB serial (FTDI) openbci ADS1299, configurable gain
OpenBCI Cyton + Daisy OpenBCI 16 250 Hz USB serial (FTDI) openbci Two ADS1299 chips
OpenBCI Cyton WiFi OpenBCI 8 1000 Hz WiFi Shield openbci High sample rate
OpenBCI Cyton + Daisy WiFi OpenBCI 16 125 Hz WiFi Shield openbci —
OpenBCI Ganglion OpenBCI 4 200 Hz BLE openbci Budget 4-channel
OpenBCI Ganglion WiFi OpenBCI 4 200 Hz WiFi Shield openbci —
OpenBCI Galea OpenBCI 24 250 Hz UDP openbci Research headset, multimodal
Cognionics CGX (Quick-20r, 32r, 8r, AIM-2) Cognionics 8–32 500 Hz USB serial cognionics Dry/wet electrodes
NeuroField Q21 Neurofield Inc 20 (F7…HR, full 10-20) 256 Hz PCAN-USB (CAN bus) neurofield FDA approved, DC-coupled
BrainMaster Atlantis 4×4 BrainMaster Technologies 4 256 Hz USB serial (FTDI) brainmaster ±400 µV, 57600 baud
BrainMaster Discovery BrainMaster Technologies 24 (full 10-20) 256 Hz USB serial (FTDI) brainmaster ±3200 µV clinical EEG
BrainMaster Freedom BrainMaster Technologies 24 256 Hz USB serial (FTDI) brainmaster Wireless version of Discovery
BrainVision RDA Brain Products Variable (commonly 16–64) Variable (commonly 250–1000 Hz) TCP/IP (RDA) brainvision Streams from BrainVision Recorder / RDA server

fNIRS

Device Manufacturer Channels Sample Rate Transport Crate Notes
Mendi Mendi AB 2 fNIRS (IR + red) 60 Hz BLE mendi Prefrontal fNIRS headband

Virtual & Network Sources

Source Type Channels Transport Notes
LSL Stream Lab Streaming Layer Any TCP/UDP (LSL protocol) Connects to any LSL-compatible device; auto-discovers via lsl_discover
Neurosity Crown / Notion Cloud stream 8 HTTPS polling (Firebase RTDB) Requires credentials + device ID in Device API settings
Virtual EEG Synthetic test signal 4 In-process LSL Generates synthetic EEG for testing without hardware; start via /v1/lsl/virtual-source/start
iroh Remote Relay from mobile app Any iroh tunnel (QUIC) Streams EEG from a paired iOS/Android device over encrypted P2P tunnel

Transport Summary

Transport Devices Protocol
BLE Muse, MW75, Hermes, Ganglion, IDUN, Mendi, BrainBit, g.tec Bluetooth Low Energy (btleplug / vendor SDK)
USB Serial Cyton, Cyton+Daisy, Cognionics CGX, BrainMaster, NeuroSky FTDI/CDC serial at 57600–115200 baud
WiFi Cyton WiFi, Cyton+Daisy WiFi, Ganglion WiFi TCP via OpenBCI WiFi Shield
UDP Galea Direct UDP streaming
PCAN-USB NeuroField Q21 CAN bus via PEAK PCAN adapter
Cortex WebSocket Emotiv (all models) JSON-RPC over WebSocket to local Emotiv Launcher
NeuroSDK2 BrainBit (all models) Native C library, runtime-loaded
Unicorn API g.tec Unicorn Native C library, runtime-loaded
LSL Any LSL source Lab Streaming Layer TCP/UDP
Neurosity Cloud Neurosity Crown / Notion Firebase RTDB over HTTPS
BrainVision RDA Brain Products Recorder streams TCP RDA framing
iroh Remote devices QUIC P2P tunnel

Manufacturer Overview

Manufacturer Headquarters Founded Website
InteraXon Toronto, Canada 2007 mymuse.com
Neurable Boston, USA 2015 neurable.com
RE-AK / Nucleus Neuro — — nucleus.bio
Emotiv San Francisco, USA 2011 emotiv.com
OpenBCI Brooklyn, USA 2014 openbci.com
Cognionics / CGX San Diego, USA 2009 cgxsystems.com
IDUN Technologies Zurich, Switzerland 2016 iduntechnologies.com
Mendi Stockholm, Sweden 2019 mendi.io
BrainBit LLC Saratov, Russia 2016 brainbit.com
g.tec medical engineering Schiedlberg, Austria 1999 gtec.at
Neurofield Inc Santa Barbara, USA 2009 neurofieldneuroscience.com
BrainMaster Technologies Bedford, USA 1995 brainmaster.com
NeuroSky San Jose, USA 2004 neurosky.com
Neurosity New York, USA 2018 neurosity.co
Brain Products Gilching, Germany 1998 brainproducts.com

Platform Support

Transport Windows macOS Linux
BLE (btleplug) ✅ ✅ ✅
USB Serial ✅ (COM3+, COM10+ auto-prefixed) ✅ ✅
WiFi / UDP ✅ ✅ ✅
PCAN-USB ✅ ✅ ✅
Cortex WebSocket ✅ ✅ ✅
NeuroSDK2 ✅ ✅ ✅
Unicorn API ✅ — ✅
LSL ✅ ✅ ✅
iroh tunnel ✅ ✅ ✅

Note: BLE on Linux requires BlueZ ≥ 5.44. NeuroSDK2 and Unicorn API require their respective native shared libraries to be installed. PCAN-USB requires PCAN Basic drivers from PEAK-System.

Device ID Format

Prefix Example Device
ble: ble:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF Muse, MW75, Hermes, IDUN, Mendi (via btleplug)
usb: usb:COM3, usb:/dev/ttyUSB0 OpenBCI Cyton/Daisy, BrainMaster serial
cgx: cgx:/dev/ttyUSB1 Cognionics CGX
wifi: wifi:192.168.1.100 OpenBCI WiFi Shield
galea: galea:192.168.1.200 OpenBCI Galea
cortex: cortex:EPOCX-1234 Emotiv (via Cortex API)
neurofield: neurofield:USB1:5 NeuroField Q21 (bus:serial)
brainbit: brainbit:AA:BB:CC:DD BrainBit (BLE address)
gtec: gtec:UN-2023.01.01 g.tec Unicorn (serial number)
brainmaster: brainmaster:COM4 BrainMaster (serial port)
neurosky: neurosky:/dev/ttyUSB0 NeuroSky MindWave (serial port optional)
neurosity: neurosity:crown-xxxx Neurosity Crown/Notion (device ID; can be read from settings)
brainvision: brainvision:127.0.0.1:51244 BrainVision RDA TCP endpoint
lsl: lsl:MyEEGStream LSL stream (source_id)

EXG Embedding Backends

All device data feeds into the EXG embedding pipeline. Canonical catalog: src-tauri/exg_catalog.json.

Supported model families:

Family Repo
ZUNA Zyphra/ZUNA
LUNA Base / Large / Huge PulpBio/LUNA
REVE Base / Large brain-bzh/reve-base, brain-bzh/reve-large
ST-EEGFormer Small / Base / Large eugenehp/ST-EEGFormer
CBraMod braindecode/cbramod-pretrained
EEGPT braindecode/eegpt-pretrained
LaBraM braindecode/labram-pretrained
SignalJEPA braindecode/SignalJEPA-PreLocal-pretrained
OpenTSLM StanfordBDHG/OpenTSLM
SensorLM google/sensorlm
SleepFM zou-group/sleepfm-clinical
SleepLM yang-ai-lab/SleepLM
OSF Base yang-ai-lab/OSF-Base
NeuroRVQ eugenehp/NeuroRVQ
TRIBE v2 eugenehp/tribev2

Adding a New Device

  1. Add a DeviceKind variant and capabilities() arm in crates/skill-data/src/device.rs
  2. Add a SupportedCompany entry to supported_companies() with logo/image paths and i18n keys
  3. Add logo SVG to static/logos/ and device image to static/devices/
  4. Add i18n keys to all 5 locales in src/lib/i18n/*/settings.ts
  5. Create a scanner function in crates/skill-daemon/src/main.rs
  6. Add a connect function in crates/skill-daemon/src/session/connect.rs
  7. Add device ID prefix to the filter lists in the scanner merge logic
  8. Add device kind detection in src-tauri/src/lifecycle.rs
  9. Add the crate dependency to crates/skill-daemon/Cargo.toml