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Change the Priority of a Process/Identify Resource Utilization by Process

  • jobs : Displays minimal information about processes associated with the current session
  • ps : By default, ps only displays process that were run from its own terminal
    • –A \ -e : Displays all processes on a system
    • -u : Displays processes given by a specified user
    • -H : Groups processes and use indentation to show the hierarchy of relationships between processes
    • -w : Tells ps not to truncate to system
  • uptime: Find uptime and display load average
  • bg : Restores a job to running status, but in the background
  • fg : Use CTRL+Z to pause a program and, then fg to send the program to foreground
  • kill : Can be used to stop executing processes, uses PID
  • nohup: Run a command immune to hangups, with output to console or non-tty
  • killall: Can be used to kill all processes of a certain name
  • free : Show free memory and swap

Common kill signals:

SIGHUP 1 HANGUP
SIGINT 2 INTERRUPT FROM KEYBOARD
SIGKILL 9 KILL SIGNAL

  • This signal is not blockable and causes the program to terminate abruptly; only use if you can’t terminate with 15

  • SIGTERM 15 TERMINATION SIGNAL: Asks the program to finish what it is doing, then exits; clean exist; the preferred way of killing processes

  • SIGSTOP 17,19,23 STOP THE PROCESS : When a child process exits from a parent process it sends signal 1

  • Signals in the man page man-k signal