diff --git a/src/joserfc/_rfc7518/ec_key.py b/src/joserfc/_rfc7518/ec_key.py
index 49805d8..25d4e6f 100644
--- a/src/joserfc/_rfc7518/ec_key.py
+++ b/src/joserfc/_rfc7518/ec_key.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
+
 import typing as t
 from functools import cached_property
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
@@ -74,11 +75,12 @@ def import_private_key(cls, obj: ECDictKey) -> EllipticCurvePrivateKey:
     @classmethod
     def export_private_key(cls, key: EllipticCurvePrivateKey) -> ECDictKey:
         numbers = key.private_numbers()
+        byte_count = (key.key_size + 7) // 8
         return {
             "crv": cls._curves_dss[key.curve.name],
-            "x": int_to_base64(numbers.public_numbers.x),
-            "y": int_to_base64(numbers.public_numbers.y),
-            "d": int_to_base64(numbers.private_value),
+            "x": int_to_base64(numbers.public_numbers.x, byte_count),
+            "y": int_to_base64(numbers.public_numbers.y, byte_count),
+            "d": int_to_base64(numbers.private_value, byte_count),
         }
 
     @classmethod
@@ -94,10 +96,11 @@ def import_public_key(cls, obj: ECDictKey) -> EllipticCurvePublicKey:
     @classmethod
     def export_public_key(cls, key: EllipticCurvePublicKey) -> ECDictKey:
         numbers = key.public_numbers()
+        byte_count = (key.key_size + 7) // 8
         return {
             "crv": cls._curves_dss[numbers.curve.name],
-            "x": int_to_base64(numbers.x),
-            "y": int_to_base64(numbers.y),
+            "x": int_to_base64(numbers.x, byte_count),
+            "y": int_to_base64(numbers.y, byte_count),
         }
 
 
diff --git a/src/joserfc/util.py b/src/joserfc/util.py
index c287606..f0de753 100644
--- a/src/joserfc/util.py
+++ b/src/joserfc/util.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, Optional
 import base64
 import struct
 import binascii
@@ -48,11 +48,16 @@ def base64_to_int(s: str) -> int:
     return int("".join(["%02x" % byte for byte in buf]), 16)
 
 
-def int_to_base64(num: int) -> str:
+def int_to_base64(num: int, byte_count: Optional[int] = None) -> str:
     if num < 0:
         raise ValueError("Must be a positive integer")
 
-    s = num.to_bytes((num.bit_length() + 7) // 8, "big", signed=False)
+    if byte_count is None:
+        byte_count = (num.bit_length() + 7) // 8
+    elif num.bit_length() > byte_count * 8:
+        raise ValueError("Number too large for byte count")
+
+    s = num.to_bytes(byte_count, "big", signed=False)
     return urlsafe_b64encode(s).decode("utf-8", "strict")
 
 
diff --git a/tests/jwk/test_ec_key.py b/tests/jwk/test_ec_key.py
index d75e25c..443f63e 100644
--- a/tests/jwk/test_ec_key.py
+++ b/tests/jwk/test_ec_key.py
@@ -129,3 +129,54 @@ def test_derive_key_with_different_hash(self):
         key1 = ECKey.derive_key("ec-secret-key", "P-256", kdf_options={"algorithm": hashes.SHA256()})
         key2 = ECKey.derive_key("ec-secret-key", "P-256", kdf_options={"algorithm": hashes.SHA512()})
         self.assertNotEqual(key1, key2)
+
+    def run_verify_full_size(self, curve_name: str, expected_base64_count: int):
+        """
+        Verifies that the full-size keys (private and public) generated using the specified curve conform to the expected
+        Base64-encoded string length for their respective components. The checks involve generating keys that could lead
+        to truncated values when encoded and ensuring their lengths match the specified expectation.
+
+        See section: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7518#section-6.2
+
+        Parameters:
+            curve_name (str): The name of the elliptic curve to use for key generation.
+            expected_base64_count (int): The expected length of the Base64-encoded key components (x, y, d).
+
+        Raises:
+            AssertionError: Raised if any of the generated private or public key components fail to match the expected lengths.
+        """
+        private_key = ECKey.generate_key(curve_name)
+        # find the number which requires one less byte(octet) than a full padding
+        byte_count = (private_key.curve_key_size + 7) // 8
+        lower_cap = pow(2, 8 * (byte_count - 1))
+        attempts_remaining = 1000000
+
+        # now generate keys until we find a parameter which could be truncated
+        while (
+            private_key.public_key.public_numbers().x >= lower_cap
+            and private_key.public_key.public_numbers().y >= lower_cap
+            and private_key.private_key.private_numbers().private_value >= lower_cap
+        ):
+            private_key = ECKey.generate_key(curve_name)
+            attempts_remaining -= 1
+            if attempts_remaining == 0:
+                raise AssertionError("Failed to find a key parameter that could be truncated")
+
+        output_private = private_key.as_dict(private=True)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_base64_count, len(output_private["x"]))
+        self.assertEqual(expected_base64_count, len(output_private["y"]))
+        self.assertEqual(expected_base64_count, len(output_private["d"]))
+
+        pub_key = ECKey.import_key(private_key.public_key)
+        output_public = pub_key.as_dict(private=False)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_base64_count, len(output_public["x"]))
+        self.assertEqual(expected_base64_count, len(output_public["y"]))
+
+    def test_p256_full_size(self):
+        self.run_verify_full_size("P-256", 43)
+
+    def test_p384_full_size(self):
+        self.run_verify_full_size("P-384", 64)
+
+    def test_p521_full_size(self):
+        self.run_verify_full_size("P-521", 88)