diff --git a/.jules/bolt.md b/.jules/bolt.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5b4908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.jules/bolt.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 2024-04-15 - Optimizing Published Arrays in ViewModels
+**Learning:** In SwiftUI `ObservableObject` view models, mutating individual elements of a `@Published` array property inside a loop triggers a UI update notification for every change. This can be especially inefficient if the array has many elements, as each update forces SwiftUI to recalculate the view hierarchy repeatedly.
+**Action:** For collections of value types (structs), utilize functional methods like `.map` to batch updates into a single property assignment, significantly reducing unnecessary UI recalculations. Always add comments explaining this optimization to prevent future developers from 'optimizing' it back to a standard `for` loop, as `.map` can appear slower in standard Swift contexts.
diff --git a/Sources/Cacheout/ViewModels/CacheoutViewModel.swift b/Sources/Cacheout/ViewModels/CacheoutViewModel.swift
index 13a9811..27dcf51 100644
--- a/Sources/Cacheout/ViewModels/CacheoutViewModel.swift
+++ b/Sources/Cacheout/ViewModels/CacheoutViewModel.swift
@@ -172,14 +172,26 @@ class CacheoutViewModel: ObservableObject {
     }
 
     func selectAllSafe() {
-        for i in scanResults.indices where scanResults[i].category.riskLevel == .safe && !scanResults[i].isEmpty {
-            scanResults[i].isSelected = true
+        // Optimization: Use .map to batch array updates instead of a loop.
+        // Mutating individual elements of a @Published array inside a loop
+        // triggers a UI update for every single change. This reduces it to one.
+        scanResults = scanResults.map { result in
+            var r = result
+            if r.category.riskLevel == .safe && !r.isEmpty {
+                r.isSelected = true
+            }
+            return r
         }
     }
 
     func deselectAll() {
-        for i in scanResults.indices {
-            scanResults[i].isSelected = false
+        // Optimization: Use .map to batch array updates instead of a loop.
+        // Mutating individual elements of a @Published array inside a loop
+        // triggers a UI update for every single change. This reduces it to one.
+        scanResults = scanResults.map { result in
+            var r = result
+            r.isSelected = false
+            return r
         }
         deselectAllNodeModules()
     }
@@ -193,17 +205,32 @@ class CacheoutViewModel: ObservableObject {
     }
 
     func selectStaleNodeModules() {
-        for i in nodeModulesItems.indices where nodeModulesItems[i].isStale {
-            nodeModulesItems[i].isSelected = true
+        // Optimization: Use .map to batch array updates instead of a loop.
+        nodeModulesItems = nodeModulesItems.map { item in
+            var m = item
+            if m.isStale {
+                m.isSelected = true
+            }
+            return m
         }
     }
 
     func selectAllNodeModules() {
-        for i in nodeModulesItems.indices { nodeModulesItems[i].isSelected = true }
+        // Optimization: Use .map to batch array updates instead of a loop.
+        nodeModulesItems = nodeModulesItems.map { item in
+            var m = item
+            m.isSelected = true
+            return m
+        }
     }
 
     func deselectAllNodeModules() {
-        for i in nodeModulesItems.indices { nodeModulesItems[i].isSelected = false }
+        // Optimization: Use .map to batch array updates instead of a loop.
+        nodeModulesItems = nodeModulesItems.map { item in
+            var m = item
+            m.isSelected = false
+            return m
+        }
     }
 
     /// Menu bar label: show free GB in the tray