diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 3571f62..63cf43e 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "http-signature-directory"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 dependencies = [
  "clap",
  "env_logger",
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rust-examples"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "time",
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "signature-agent-card-and-registry"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 dependencies = [
  "base64",
  "ed25519-dalek",
@@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-bot-auth"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 dependencies = [
  "base64",
  "data-url",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index ded13a4..d176599 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ members = [
 resolver = "2"
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 authors = [
     "Akshat Mahajan <akshat@cloudflare.com>",
     "Gauri Baraskar <gbaraskar@cloudflare.com>",
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ regex = "1.12.2"
 time = { version = "0.3.44" }
 
 # workspace dependencies
-web-bot-auth = { version = "0.6.0", path = "./crates/web-bot-auth" }
+web-bot-auth = { version = "0.6.1", path = "./crates/web-bot-auth" }
diff --git a/crates/web-bot-auth/src/lib.rs b/crates/web-bot-auth/src/lib.rs
index 735ea17..243ecc2 100644
--- a/crates/web-bot-auth/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/web-bot-auth/src/lib.rs
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ mod tests {
                 &mut mytest,
                 time::Duration::seconds(10),
                 Algorithm::Ed25519,
-                &private_key.to_vec(),
+                &private_key,
             )
             .unwrap();
 
diff --git a/crates/web-bot-auth/src/message_signatures.rs b/crates/web-bot-auth/src/message_signatures.rs
index c4c7197..fb3437b 100644
--- a/crates/web-bot-auth/src/message_signatures.rs
+++ b/crates/web-bot-auth/src/message_signatures.rs
@@ -261,6 +261,60 @@ pub trait UnsignedMessage {
     fn register_header_contents(&mut self, signature_input: String, signature_header: String);
 }
 
+/// Trait that provides interface to generate signatures given a message and an algorithm.
+/// This is implemented for `Vec<u8>` and friends as a batteries-included way to generate
+/// signatures from raw key material, but can be implemented for any type of client-controlled
+/// signer as well (yubikey, cloud kms, web3 wallet, etc).
+pub trait GenerateSignature {
+    /// Generate signature given the algorithm and the message to sign.
+    fn generate_signature(
+        &self,
+        algorithm: Algorithm,
+        msg: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ImplementationError>;
+}
+
+impl GenerateSignature for [u8] {
+    fn generate_signature(
+        &self,
+        algorithm: Algorithm,
+        msg: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ImplementationError> {
+        let signature = match algorithm {
+            Algorithm::Ed25519 => {
+                use ed25519_dalek::{Signer, SigningKey};
+                let signing_key_dalek = SigningKey::try_from(self)
+                    .map_err(|_| ImplementationError::InvalidKeyLength)?;
+
+                signing_key_dalek.sign(msg).to_vec()
+            }
+            other => return Err(ImplementationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm(other)),
+        };
+
+        Ok(signature)
+    }
+}
+
+impl GenerateSignature for Vec<u8> {
+    fn generate_signature(
+        &self,
+        algorithm: Algorithm,
+        msg: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ImplementationError> {
+        self.as_slice().generate_signature(algorithm, msg)
+    }
+}
+
+impl GenerateSignature for [u8; 32] {
+    fn generate_signature(
+        &self,
+        algorithm: Algorithm,
+        msg: &[u8],
+    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ImplementationError> {
+        self.as_slice().generate_signature(algorithm, msg)
+    }
+}
+
 /// A struct that implements signing. The struct fields here are serialized into the `Signature-Input`
 /// header.
 pub struct MessageSigner {
@@ -273,7 +327,7 @@ pub struct MessageSigner {
 }
 
 impl MessageSigner {
-    /// Sign the provided method with `signing_key`, setting an expiration value of
+    /// Sign the provided method with `signer`, setting an expiration value of
     /// length `expires` from now (the time of signing).
     ///
     /// # Errors
@@ -285,7 +339,7 @@ impl MessageSigner {
         message: &mut impl UnsignedMessage,
         expires: Duration,
         algorithm: Algorithm,
-        signing_key: &Vec<u8>,
+        signer: &(impl GenerateSignature + ?Sized),
     ) -> Result<(), ImplementationError> {
         let components_to_cover = message.fetch_components_to_cover();
         let mut sfv_parameters = sfv::Parameters::new();
@@ -361,22 +415,13 @@ impl MessageSigner {
         }
         .into_ascii()?;
 
-        let signature = match algorithm {
-            Algorithm::Ed25519 => {
-                use ed25519_dalek::{Signer, SigningKey};
-                let signing_key_dalek = SigningKey::try_from(signing_key.as_slice())
-                    .map_err(|_| ImplementationError::InvalidKeyLength)?;
-
-                sfv::Item {
-                    bare_item: sfv::BareItem::ByteSequence(
-                        signing_key_dalek.sign(signature_base.as_bytes()).to_vec(),
-                    ),
-                    params: sfv::Parameters::new(),
-                }
-                .serialize_value()
-            }
-            other => return Err(ImplementationError::UnsupportedAlgorithm(other)),
-        };
+        let signature = sfv::Item {
+            bare_item: sfv::BareItem::ByteSequence(
+                signer.generate_signature(algorithm, signature_base.as_bytes())?,
+            ),
+            params: sfv::Parameters::new(),
+        }
+        .serialize_value();
 
         message.register_header_contents(signature_params_content, signature);
 
@@ -670,7 +715,7 @@ mod tests {
                     &mut test,
                     Duration::seconds(10),
                     Algorithm::Ed25519,
-                    &private_key.to_vec()
+                    &private_key
                 )
                 .is_ok()
         );
diff --git a/examples/signature-agent-card-and-registry/src/lib.rs b/examples/signature-agent-card-and-registry/src/lib.rs
index c998270..38050ae 100644
--- a/examples/signature-agent-card-and-registry/src/lib.rs
+++ b/examples/signature-agent-card-and-registry/src/lib.rs
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ async fn fetch(req: HttpRequest, env: Env, _ctx: Context) -> Result<Response> {
                     &mut generator,
                     Duration::seconds(10),
                     Algorithm::Ed25519,
-                    &(signing_key.as_bytes().to_vec()),
+                    signing_key.as_bytes(),
                 )
                 .unwrap();
             Ok(response)