diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 24c3039fe2..4f0ad8e1ff 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "hono",
-  "version": "4.11.8",
+  "version": "4.11.9",
   "description": "Web framework built on Web Standards",
   "main": "dist/cjs/index.js",
   "type": "module",
diff --git a/src/jsx/dom/index.test.tsx b/src/jsx/dom/index.test.tsx
index 23a4f82eb7..2952852bc3 100644
--- a/src/jsx/dom/index.test.tsx
+++ b/src/jsx/dom/index.test.tsx
@@ -309,6 +309,157 @@ describe('DOM', () => {
       expect(root.innerHTML).toBe('<div>2</div><div>1</div><button>+</button>')
       expect(Child).toBeCalledTimes(3)
     })
+
+    it('multiple children', async () => {
+      const Child = ({ name }: { name: string }) => {
+        const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
+        return (
+          <div>
+            <div>
+              {name} {count}
+            </div>
+            <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>+</button>
+          </div>
+        )
+      }
+      const App = () => {
+        const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
+        return (
+          <div>
+            <div>parent {count}</div>
+            <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>+</button>
+            <div>
+              <Child name='child 1' />
+              <Child name='child 2' />
+              <Child name='child 3' />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )
+      }
+      render(<App />, root)
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div>parent 0</div><button>+</button><div><div><div>child 1 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div></div></div>'
+      )
+      const [parentButton, child1Button, child2Button, child3Button] =
+        root.querySelectorAll('button')
+      parentButton?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div>parent 1</div><button>+</button><div><div><div>child 1 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div></div></div>'
+      )
+      child2Button?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div>parent 1</div><button>+</button><div><div><div>child 1 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div></div></div>'
+      )
+      child1Button?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div>parent 1</div><button>+</button><div><div><div>child 1 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div></div></div>'
+      )
+      child3Button?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div>parent 1</div><button>+</button><div><div><div>child 1 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 1</div><button>+</button></div></div></div>'
+      )
+    })
+
+    it('keeps sibling order when a null sibling exists after parent update', async () => {
+      const Empty = () => null
+      const Child = () => {
+        const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
+        return count === 0 ? (
+          <>
+            <div>A0</div>
+            <button id='child' onClick={() => setCount(1)}>
+              child+
+            </button>
+          </>
+        ) : (
+          <>
+            <span>A1</span>
+            <span>A2</span>
+          </>
+        )
+      }
+      const App = () => {
+        const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
+        return (
+          <>
+            <Child />
+            <Empty />
+            <div id='tail'>T{count}</div>
+            <button id='parent' onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>
+              parent+
+            </button>
+          </>
+        )
+      }
+      render(<App />, root)
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div>A0</div><button id="child">child+</button><div id="tail">T0</div><button id="parent">parent+</button>'
+      )
+      root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('#parent')?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div>A0</div><button id="child">child+</button><div id="tail">T1</div><button id="parent">parent+</button>'
+      )
+      root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('#child')?.click()
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<span>A1</span><span>A2</span><div id="tail">T1</div><button id="parent">parent+</button>'
+      )
+    })
+
+    it('multiple children with dynamic addition and rerender', async () => {
+      const Child = ({ name }: { name: string }) => {
+        const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
+        return (
+          <div>
+            <div>
+              {name} {count}
+            </div>
+            <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>+</button>
+          </div>
+        )
+      }
+      const App = () => {
+        const [showThird, setShowThird] = useState(false)
+        return (
+          <div>
+            <Child name='child 1' />
+            <Child name='child 2' />
+            {showThird && <Child name='child 3' />}
+            <button onClick={() => setShowThird(true)}>add</button>
+          </div>
+        )
+      }
+      render(<App />, root)
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div><div>child 1 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 0</div><button>+</button></div><button>add</button></div>'
+      )
+      // add child 3
+      let buttons = root.querySelectorAll('button')
+      buttons[2]?.click() // add
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div><div>child 1 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div><button>add</button></div>'
+      )
+      // click child 1
+      buttons = root.querySelectorAll('button')
+      buttons[0]?.click() // child 1
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div><div>child 1 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 0</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div><button>add</button></div>'
+      )
+      // click child 2 - verify child 2 and child 3 do not swap positions
+      buttons = root.querySelectorAll('button')
+      buttons[1]?.click() // child 2
+      await Promise.resolve()
+      expect(root.innerHTML).toBe(
+        '<div><div><div>child 1 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 2 1</div><button>+</button></div><div><div>child 3 0</div><button>+</button></div><button>add</button></div>'
+      )
+    })
   })
 
   describe('defaultProps', () => {
diff --git a/src/jsx/dom/render.ts b/src/jsx/dom/render.ts
index 26aeb17086..145b6ac31a 100644
--- a/src/jsx/dom/render.ts
+++ b/src/jsx/dom/render.ts
@@ -302,15 +302,11 @@ const getNextChildren = (
   })
 }
 
-const findInsertBefore = (node: Node | undefined): SupportedElement | Text | null => {
-  for (; ; node = node.tag === HONO_PORTAL_ELEMENT || !node.vC || !node.pP ? node.nN : node.vC[0]) {
-    if (!node) {
-      return null
-    }
-    if (node.tag !== HONO_PORTAL_ELEMENT && node.e) {
-      return node.e
-    }
+const findInsertBefore = (node: Node | undefined): SupportedElement | Text | undefined => {
+  while (node && (node.tag === HONO_PORTAL_ELEMENT || !node.e)) {
+    node = node.tag === HONO_PORTAL_ELEMENT || !node.vC?.[0] ? node.nN : node.vC[0]
   }
+  return node?.e
 }
 
 const removeNode = (node: Node): void => {
@@ -343,7 +339,7 @@ const apply = (node: NodeObject, container: Container, isNew: boolean): void =>
 
 const findChildNodeIndex = (
   childNodes: NodeListOf<ChildNode>,
-  child: ChildNode | null | undefined
+  child: ChildNode | undefined
 ): number | undefined => {
   if (!child) {
     return
@@ -428,7 +424,7 @@ const applyNodeObject = (node: NodeObject, container: Container, isNew: boolean)
     }
   }
   if (node.pP) {
-    delete node.pP
+    node.pP = undefined
   }
   if (callbacks.length) {
     const useLayoutEffectCbs: Array<() => void> = []
diff --git a/src/utils/url.test.ts b/src/utils/url.test.ts
index e23ed346ae..c30213c079 100644
--- a/src/utils/url.test.ts
+++ b/src/utils/url.test.ts
@@ -125,6 +125,52 @@ describe('url', () => {
     ])('getPath - %s', (url) => {
       expect(getPath(new Request(url))).toBe(new URL(url).pathname)
     })
+
+    it('getPath - with fragment', () => {
+      let path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/users/#user-list'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/users/')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/users/1#profile-section'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/users/1')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/hello#section'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/hello')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/#top'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/')
+    })
+
+    it('getPath - with query and fragment', () => {
+      let path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/hello?name=foo#section'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/hello')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/search?q=test#results'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/search')
+    })
+
+    it('getPath - with percent encoding only (no query or fragment)', () => {
+      const path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/hello%20world'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/hello world')
+    })
+
+    it('getPath - with percent encoding and fragment', () => {
+      let path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/hello%20world#section'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/hello world')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/%E7%82%8E#top'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/炎')
+    })
+
+    it('getPath - with percent encoding and fragment containing query-like chars', () => {
+      const path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/hello%20world#section?foo=bar'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/hello world')
+    })
+
+    it('getPath - with encoded hash (%23) in path and real fragment', () => {
+      // %23 is encoded '#' - decodeURI preserves reserved characters, so %23 stays as %23
+      let path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/path%23test#real-fragment'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/path%23test')
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/foo%23bar%23baz#section'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/foo%23bar%23baz')
+      // Only encoded hash, no real fragment
+      path = getPath(new Request('https://example.com/issue%23123'))
+      expect(path).toBe('/issue%23123')
+    })
   })
 
   describe('getQueryStrings', () => {
diff --git a/src/utils/url.ts b/src/utils/url.ts
index 82350aa9c3..6f39eaed41 100644
--- a/src/utils/url.ts
+++ b/src/utils/url.ts
@@ -111,13 +111,22 @@ export const getPath = (request: Request): string => {
     const charCode = url.charCodeAt(i)
     if (charCode === 37) {
       // '%'
-      // If the path contains percent encoding, use `indexOf()` to find '?' and return the result immediately.
+      // If the path contains percent encoding, use `indexOf()` to find '?' or '#' and return the result immediately.
       // Although this is a performance disadvantage, it is acceptable since we prefer cases that do not include percent encoding.
       const queryIndex = url.indexOf('?', i)
-      const path = url.slice(start, queryIndex === -1 ? undefined : queryIndex)
+      const hashIndex = url.indexOf('#', i)
+      const end =
+        queryIndex === -1
+          ? hashIndex === -1
+            ? undefined
+            : hashIndex
+          : hashIndex === -1
+            ? queryIndex
+            : Math.min(queryIndex, hashIndex)
+      const path = url.slice(start, end)
       return tryDecodeURI(path.includes('%25') ? path.replace(/%25/g, '%2525') : path)
-    } else if (charCode === 63) {
-      // '?'
+    } else if (charCode === 63 || charCode === 35) {
+      // '?' or '#'
       break
     }
   }