From 56eb71c87d9783b1169e82bdc5ac0da366cd1c72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Herzog <michael.herzog@human-interactive.org>
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2025 17:42:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] VRMLLoader: Add camera support. (#32580)

---
 examples/jsm/loaders/VRMLLoader.js | 77 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 examples/models/vrml/camera.wrl    | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++
 examples/webgl_loader_vrml.html    |  1 +
 3 files changed, 129 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 examples/models/vrml/camera.wrl

diff --git a/examples/jsm/loaders/VRMLLoader.js b/examples/jsm/loaders/VRMLLoader.js
index 91474dcb54de04..61164c73e6c625 100644
--- a/examples/jsm/loaders/VRMLLoader.js
+++ b/examples/jsm/loaders/VRMLLoader.js
@@ -18,10 +18,13 @@ import {
 	LineSegments,
 	Loader,
 	LoaderUtils,
+	MathUtils,
 	Mesh,
 	MeshBasicMaterial,
 	MeshPhongMaterial,
 	Object3D,
+	OrthographicCamera,
+	PerspectiveCamera,
 	Points,
 	PointsMaterial,
 	Quaternion,
@@ -166,6 +169,7 @@ class VRMLLoader extends Loader {
 			const nodeTypes = [
 				'Anchor', 'Billboard', 'Collision', 'Group', 'Transform', // grouping nodes
 				'Inline', 'LOD', 'Switch', // special groups
+				'PerspectiveCamera', 'OrthographicCamera',
 				'AudioClip', 'DirectionalLight', 'PointLight', 'Script', 'Shape', 'Sound', 'SpotLight', 'WorldInfo', // common nodes
 				'CylinderSensor', 'PlaneSensor', 'ProximitySensor', 'SphereSensor', 'TimeSensor', 'TouchSensor', 'VisibilitySensor', // sensors
 				'Box', 'Cone', 'Cylinder', 'ElevationGrid', 'Extrusion', 'IndexedFaceSet', 'IndexedLineSet', 'PointSet', 'Sphere', // geometries
@@ -733,6 +737,11 @@ class VRMLLoader extends Loader {
 					build = buildWorldInfoNode( node );
 					break;
 
+				case 'OrthographicCamera':
+				case 'PerspectiveCamera':
+					build = buildCamera( node, nodeName );
+					break;
+
 				case 'Billboard':
 
 				case 'Inline':
@@ -1588,6 +1597,74 @@ class VRMLLoader extends Loader {
 
 		}
 
+		function buildCamera( node, type ) {
+
+			const camera = ( type === 'PerspectiveCamera' ) ? new PerspectiveCamera() : new OrthographicCamera();
+
+			const width = ( typeof window !== 'undefined' ) ? window.innerWidth : 1;
+			const height = ( typeof window !== 'undefined' ) ? window.innerHeight : 1;
+			const aspect = width / height;
+
+			const fields = node.fields;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = fields.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const field = fields[ i ];
+				const fieldName = field.name;
+				const fieldValues = field.values;
+
+				switch ( fieldName ) {
+
+					case 'position':
+						camera.position.set( fieldValues[ 0 ], fieldValues[ 1 ], fieldValues[ 0 ] );
+						break;
+
+					case 'orientation':
+						const axis = new Vector3( fieldValues[ 0 ], fieldValues[ 1 ], fieldValues[ 2 ] ).normalize();
+						const angle = fieldValues[ 3 ];
+						camera.quaternion.setFromAxisAngle( axis, angle );
+						break;
+
+					case 'focalDistance':
+						camera.userData.focalDistance = fieldValues[ 0 ]; // might be useful for DoF
+						break;
+
+					case 'heightAngle':
+
+						// for perspective cams only
+
+						camera.fov = MathUtils.radToDeg( fieldValues[ 0 ] );
+						camera.aspect = aspect;
+						camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+
+						break;
+
+					case 'height':
+
+						// for ortho cams only
+
+						const halfHeight = fieldValues[ 0 ] / 2;
+						const halfWidth = halfHeight * aspect;
+
+						camera.left = - halfWidth;
+						camera.right = halfWidth;
+						camera.top = halfHeight;
+						camera.bottom = - halfHeight;
+						camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+						break;
+
+					default:
+						console.warn( 'THREE.VRMLLoader: Unknown field:', fieldName );
+						break;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			return camera;
+
+		}
+
 		function buildIndexedFaceSetNode( node ) {
 
 			let color, coord, normal, texCoord;
diff --git a/examples/models/vrml/camera.wrl b/examples/models/vrml/camera.wrl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b41ec4f79e344b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/models/vrml/camera.wrl
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#VRML V2.0 utf8
+
+DirectionalLight {
+  direction 1 0 -1
+}
+
+PerspectiveCamera {
+  position -8.6 2.1 5.6
+  orientation -0.14 -1 -0.12 1.142
+  focalDistance 10.84
+  heightAngle 0.785398
+}
+
+OrthographicCamera {
+  position 8.6 2.1 -5.6
+  orientation -0.14 -1 -0.12 -1.142
+  focalDistance 10.84
+  height 5
+}
+
+Transform {
+  translation 3 0 1
+  children [
+    Shape {
+      appearance Appearance {
+        material Material {diffuseColor 0 0 1}
+      }
+      geometry Sphere {
+        radius 2.3
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+
+Transform {
+  translation 2 2.5 1.25
+  children [
+    Anchor {
+      url "https://threejs.org/"
+      description "three.js"
+      children [
+        Shape {
+          appearance Appearance {
+            material Material {emissiveColor 1 1 0}
+          }
+          geometry Box {}
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/webgl_loader_vrml.html b/examples/webgl_loader_vrml.html
index e7a241543f3188..e8362c534177eb 100644
--- a/examples/webgl_loader_vrml.html
+++ b/examples/webgl_loader_vrml.html
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 				'meshWithTexture',
 				'pixelTexture',
 				'points',
+				'camera'
 			];
 
 			let vrmlScene;