diff --git a/skills/drupalorg-cli/SKILL.md b/skills/drupalorg-cli/SKILL.md
index 8e1d629..a8b28c8 100644
--- a/skills/drupalorg-cli/SKILL.md
+++ b/skills/drupalorg-cli/SKILL.md
@@ -76,26 +76,39 @@ drupalorg issue:link <nid>
 
 ### Merge Request commands
 
+The first argument can be a Drupal.org issue NID, a `project-path!iid` ref
+(e.g. `project/drupal!708`), or a full GitLab MR URL. When using a ref that
+includes the MR IID (`!iid`), the second `<mr-iid>` argument is not needed.
+
+> **zsh users:** Escape `!` or quote the argument to prevent history expansion:
+> `project/drupal\!708` or `'project/drupal!708'`
+
 ```bash
 # List merge requests for a Drupal.org issue fork
 # --state: opened (default), closed, merged, all
 # nid is optional; auto-detected from the branch name if omitted
 drupalorg mr:list [nid] [--state=opened] --format=llm
+# List MRs by project path (no issue NID needed)
+drupalorg mr:list project/drupal --format=llm
 
 # Show the unified diff for a merge request
 # Supports --format=text (default), json
 drupalorg mr:diff <nid> <mr-iid>
+drupalorg mr:diff 'project/drupal!708'
 
 # List changed files in a merge request
 # Supports --format=text (default), json
 drupalorg mr:files <nid> <mr-iid>
+drupalorg mr:files 'project/drupal!708'
 
 # Show the pipeline status for a merge request
 drupalorg mr:status <nid> <mr-iid> --format=llm
+drupalorg mr:status 'project/drupal!708' --format=llm
 
 # Show failed job traces from the latest pipeline for a merge request
 # Supports --format=text (default), json
 drupalorg mr:logs <nid> <mr-iid>
+drupalorg mr:logs 'project/drupal!708'
 ```
 
 ### Project commands
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/AbstractMergeRequestAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/AbstractMergeRequestAction.php
index fb51e8b..4853b23 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/AbstractMergeRequestAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/AbstractMergeRequestAction.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\ActionInterface;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Client;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\Client as GitLabClient;
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 
 abstract class AbstractMergeRequestAction implements ActionInterface
 {
@@ -24,4 +25,13 @@ protected function resolveGitLabProject(string $nid): array
         $project = $this->gitLabClient->getProject($projectPath);
         return [(int) $project->id, $projectPath];
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{0: int, 1: string}
+     */
+    protected function resolveFromRef(MergeRequestRef $ref): array
+    {
+        $project = $this->gitLabClient->getProject($ref->projectPath);
+        return [(int) $project->id, $ref->projectPath];
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestDiffAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestDiffAction.php
index 3e308b1..0cb91b7 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestDiffAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestDiffAction.php
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest;
 
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestDiffResult;
 
 class GetMergeRequestDiffAction extends AbstractMergeRequestAction
 {
-    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid): MergeRequestDiffResult
+    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid, ?MergeRequestRef $ref = null): MergeRequestDiffResult
     {
-        [$projectId] = $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
+        [$projectId] = $ref !== null ? $this->resolveFromRef($ref) : $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
 
         $mr = $this->gitLabClient->getMergeRequest($projectId, $mrIid);
         $diffs = $this->gitLabClient->getMergeRequestDiffs($projectId, $mrIid);
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestFilesAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestFilesAction.php
index 7704d17..0f457df 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestFilesAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestFilesAction.php
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest;
 
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestFilesResult;
 
 class GetMergeRequestFilesAction extends AbstractMergeRequestAction
 {
-    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid): MergeRequestFilesResult
+    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid, ?MergeRequestRef $ref = null): MergeRequestFilesResult
     {
-        [$projectId] = $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
+        [$projectId] = $ref !== null ? $this->resolveFromRef($ref) : $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
 
         $diffs = $this->gitLabClient->getMergeRequestDiffs($projectId, $mrIid);
 
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestLogsAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestLogsAction.php
index 35d3730..c292217 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestLogsAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestLogsAction.php
@@ -2,15 +2,16 @@
 
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest;
 
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestLogsResult;
 
 class GetMergeRequestLogsAction extends AbstractMergeRequestAction
 {
     private const TRACE_EXCERPT_LINES = 100;
 
-    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid): MergeRequestLogsResult
+    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid, ?MergeRequestRef $ref = null): MergeRequestLogsResult
     {
-        [$projectId] = $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
+        [$projectId] = $ref !== null ? $this->resolveFromRef($ref) : $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
 
         $pipelines = $this->gitLabClient->getMergeRequestPipelines($projectId, $mrIid);
 
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestStatusAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestStatusAction.php
index be1d98a..592d8e7 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestStatusAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/GetMergeRequestStatusAction.php
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest;
 
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestStatusResult;
 
 class GetMergeRequestStatusAction extends AbstractMergeRequestAction
 {
-    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid): MergeRequestStatusResult
+    public function __invoke(string $nid, int $mrIid, ?MergeRequestRef $ref = null): MergeRequestStatusResult
     {
-        [$projectId] = $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
+        [$projectId] = $ref !== null ? $this->resolveFromRef($ref) : $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
 
         $pipelines = $this->gitLabClient->getMergeRequestPipelines($projectId, $mrIid);
 
diff --git a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequestsAction.php b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequestsAction.php
index f32e991..c900963 100644
--- a/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequestsAction.php
+++ b/src/Api/Action/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequestsAction.php
@@ -3,14 +3,15 @@
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest;
 
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Enum\MergeRequestState;
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestItem;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Result\MergeRequest\MergeRequestListResult;
 
 class ListMergeRequestsAction extends AbstractMergeRequestAction
 {
-    public function __invoke(string $nid, MergeRequestState $state = MergeRequestState::Opened): MergeRequestListResult
+    public function __invoke(string $nid, MergeRequestState $state = MergeRequestState::Opened, ?MergeRequestRef $ref = null): MergeRequestListResult
     {
-        [$projectId, $gitLabProjectPath] = $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
+        [$projectId, $gitLabProjectPath] = $ref !== null ? $this->resolveFromRef($ref) : $this->resolveGitLabProject($nid);
 
         $params = ['per_page' => 100];
         if ($state !== MergeRequestState::All) {
diff --git a/src/Api/GitLab/MergeRequestRef.php b/src/Api/GitLab/MergeRequestRef.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dc5343
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Api/GitLab/MergeRequestRef.php
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab;
+
+/**
+ * Value object representing a direct merge request reference.
+ *
+ * Supports formats like "project/canvas!708", "project/canvas",
+ * or full GitLab URLs.
+ */
+final class MergeRequestRef
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly string $projectPath,
+        public readonly ?int $mrIid = null,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Try to parse a string into a MergeRequestRef.
+     *
+     * Returns null if the input is a pure numeric NID or unrecognized format.
+     */
+    public static function tryParse(string $input): ?self
+    {
+        $input = trim($input);
+
+        if ($input === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Pure numeric string → NID, fall through.
+        if (ctype_digit($input)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Full GitLab URL.
+        if (str_starts_with($input, 'https://git.drupalcode.org/')) {
+            return self::parseUrl($input);
+        }
+
+        // project/name!iid format.
+        if (preg_match('#^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)!(\d+)$#', $input, $matches)) {
+            return new self($matches[1], (int) $matches[2]);
+        }
+
+        // project/name format (no IID).
+        if (preg_match('#^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$#', $input)) {
+            return new self($input);
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static function parseUrl(string $url): ?self
+    {
+        $path = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH);
+        if ($path === null || $path === false) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        $path = ltrim($path, '/');
+
+        // Match: project/name/-/merge_requests/123
+        if (preg_match('#^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/-/merge_requests/(\d+)#', $path, $matches)) {
+            return new self($matches[1], (int) $matches[2]);
+        }
+
+        // Match: project/name (with possible trailing segments but no merge_requests)
+        if (preg_match('#^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/.*)?$#', $path, $matches)) {
+            return new self($matches[1]);
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetDiff.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetDiff.php
index 798a5a1..00c868f 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetDiff.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetDiff.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
         $format = (string) ($this->stdIn->getOption('format') ?? 'text');
 
         $action = new GetMergeRequestDiffAction($this->client, new GitLabClient());
-        $result = $action($this->nid, $this->mrIid);
+        $result = $action($this->nid ?? '', $this->mrIid, $this->mrRef);
 
         if ($format === 'json') {
             $this->stdOut->writeln((string) json_encode($result, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES));
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetFiles.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetFiles.php
index daa0c8f..6f73e1f 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetFiles.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetFiles.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
         $format = (string) ($this->stdIn->getOption('format') ?? 'text');
 
         $action = new GetMergeRequestFilesAction($this->client, new GitLabClient());
-        $result = $action($this->nid, $this->mrIid);
+        $result = $action($this->nid ?? '', $this->mrIid, $this->mrRef);
 
         if ($format === 'json') {
             $this->stdOut->writeln((string) json_encode($result, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES));
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetLogs.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetLogs.php
index ebf14ea..8080d83 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetLogs.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetLogs.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
         $format = (string) ($this->stdIn->getOption('format') ?? 'text');
 
         $action = new GetMergeRequestLogsAction($this->client, new GitLabClient());
-        $result = $action($this->nid, $this->mrIid);
+        $result = $action($this->nid ?? '', $this->mrIid, $this->mrRef);
 
         if ($format === 'json') {
             $this->stdOut->writeln((string) json_encode($result, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES));
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetStatus.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetStatus.php
index c161c6c..1294db3 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetStatus.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/GetStatus.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
         $format = (string) ($this->stdIn->getOption('format') ?? 'text');
 
         $action = new GetMergeRequestStatusAction($this->client, new GitLabClient());
-        $result = $action($this->nid, $this->mrIid);
+        $result = $action($this->nid ?? '', $this->mrIid, $this->mrRef);
 
         if ($this->writeFormatted($result, $format)) {
             return 0;
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequests.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequests.php
index decc5be..193acc8 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequests.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/ListMergeRequests.php
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Action\MergeRequest\ListMergeRequestsAction;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\Enum\MergeRequestState;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\Client as GitLabClient;
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
+use mglaman\DrupalOrgCli\Command\Command;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrgCli\Command\Issue\IssueCommandBase;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\Table;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
@@ -16,12 +18,14 @@ class ListMergeRequests extends IssueCommandBase
 {
     protected bool $requiresRepository = false;
 
+    protected ?MergeRequestRef $mrRef = null;
+
     protected function configure(): void
     {
         $this
             ->setName('mr:list')
             ->setAliases(['mrl'])
-            ->addArgument('nid', InputArgument::OPTIONAL, 'The issue node ID')
+            ->addArgument('nid', InputArgument::OPTIONAL, 'The issue NID, project-path (or project-path!iid; quote in zsh), or GitLab URL')
             ->addOption(
                 'state',
                 null,
@@ -36,7 +40,22 @@ protected function configure(): void
                 'Output format: text, json, md, llm. Defaults to text.',
                 'text'
             )
-            ->setDescription('List merge requests for a Drupal.org issue fork.');
+            ->setDescription('List merge requests for a Drupal.org issue fork or project.');
+    }
+
+    protected function initialize(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): void
+    {
+        $nidArg = (string) $input->getArgument('nid');
+        $ref = $nidArg !== '' ? MergeRequestRef::tryParse($nidArg) : null;
+
+        if ($ref !== null) {
+            Command::initialize($input, $output);
+            $this->mrRef = $ref;
+            $this->nid = '';
+            return;
+        }
+
+        parent::initialize($input, $output);
     }
 
     protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
@@ -45,7 +64,7 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
         $format = (string) ($this->stdIn->getOption('format') ?? 'text');
 
         $action = new ListMergeRequestsAction($this->client, new GitLabClient());
-        $result = $action($this->nid, $state);
+        $result = $action($this->nid ?? '', $state, $this->mrRef);
 
         if ($this->writeFormatted($result, $format)) {
             return 0;
diff --git a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/MrCommandBase.php b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/MrCommandBase.php
index b091afd..63ff407 100644
--- a/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/MrCommandBase.php
+++ b/src/Cli/Command/MergeRequest/MrCommandBase.php
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace mglaman\DrupalOrgCli\Command\MergeRequest;
 
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
+use mglaman\DrupalOrgCli\Command\Command;
 use mglaman\DrupalOrgCli\Command\Issue\IssueCommandBase;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
@@ -13,15 +15,38 @@ abstract class MrCommandBase extends IssueCommandBase
 
     protected int $mrIid;
 
+    protected ?MergeRequestRef $mrRef = null;
+
     protected function configureNidAndMrIid(): void
     {
         $this
-            ->addArgument('nid', InputArgument::OPTIONAL, 'The issue node ID')
+            ->addArgument('nid', InputArgument::OPTIONAL, 'The issue NID, project-path!iid (quote in zsh), or GitLab MR URL')
             ->addArgument('mr-iid', InputArgument::OPTIONAL, 'The merge request IID');
     }
 
     protected function initialize(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): void
     {
+        $nidArg = (string) $input->getArgument('nid');
+        $ref = $nidArg !== '' ? MergeRequestRef::tryParse($nidArg) : null;
+
+        if ($ref !== null) {
+            // Skip IssueCommandBase NID resolution — go straight to Command::initialize.
+            Command::initialize($input, $output);
+            $this->mrRef = $ref;
+            $this->nid = '';
+
+            if ($ref->mrIid !== null) {
+                $this->mrIid = $ref->mrIid;
+            } else {
+                $mrIidArg = $input->getArgument('mr-iid');
+                if ($mrIidArg === null || $mrIidArg === '') {
+                    throw new \RuntimeException('Argument mr-iid is required when project-path has no !iid.');
+                }
+                $this->mrIid = (int) $mrIidArg;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
         parent::initialize($input, $output);
 
         $mrIid = $this->stdIn->getArgument('mr-iid');
diff --git a/tests/src/GitLab/MergeRequestRefTest.php b/tests/src/GitLab/MergeRequestRefTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a4c589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/GitLab/MergeRequestRefTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace mglaman\DrupalOrg\Tests\GitLab;
+
+use mglaman\DrupalOrg\GitLab\MergeRequestRef;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\CoversClass;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+#[CoversClass(MergeRequestRef::class)]
+class MergeRequestRefTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[DataProvider('parseProvider')]
+    public function testTryParse(string $input, ?string $expectedPath, ?int $expectedIid): void
+    {
+        $ref = MergeRequestRef::tryParse($input);
+
+        if ($expectedPath === null) {
+            self::assertNull($ref, "Expected null for input: $input");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        self::assertNotNull($ref, "Expected non-null ref for input: $input");
+        self::assertSame($expectedPath, $ref->projectPath);
+        self::assertSame($expectedIid, $ref->mrIid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, array{string, ?string, ?int}>
+     */
+    public static function parseProvider(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'project-path with IID' => [
+                'project/canvas!708',
+                'project/canvas',
+                708,
+            ],
+            'project-path without IID' => [
+                'project/canvas',
+                'project/canvas',
+                null,
+            ],
+            'full URL with MR IID' => [
+                'https://git.drupalcode.org/project/canvas/-/merge_requests/708',
+                'project/canvas',
+                708,
+            ],
+            'full URL without MR' => [
+                'https://git.drupalcode.org/project/canvas',
+                'project/canvas',
+                null,
+            ],
+            'full URL with trailing slash' => [
+                'https://git.drupalcode.org/project/drupal/',
+                'project/drupal',
+                null,
+            ],
+            'numeric NID falls through' => [
+                '1234567',
+                null,
+                null,
+            ],
+            'random string falls through' => [
+                'hello-world',
+                null,
+                null,
+            ],
+            'empty string falls through' => [
+                '',
+                null,
+                null,
+            ],
+            'project with hyphens and underscores' => [
+                'project/my_cool-module!42',
+                'project/my_cool-module',
+                42,
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+}