diff --git a/lib/_http_client.js b/lib/_http_client.js
index ee4f47be64ab3c..68fec845695f26 100644
--- a/lib/_http_client.js
+++ b/lib/_http_client.js
@@ -870,7 +870,11 @@ function responseOnTimeout() {
 function requestOnFinish() {
   const req = this;
 
-  if (req.shouldKeepAlive && req._ended)
+  // If the response ends before this request finishes writing, `responseOnEnd()`
+  // already released the socket. When `finish` fires later, that socket may
+  // belong to a different request, so only call `responseKeepAlive()` when the
+  // original request is still alive (`!req.destroyed`).
+  if (req.shouldKeepAlive && req._ended && !req.destroyed)
     responseKeepAlive(req);
 }
 
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-http-expect-continue-reuse-race.js b/test/parallel/test-http-expect-continue-reuse-race.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..a1a5f082cab4d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-http-expect-continue-reuse-race.js
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Regression test for a keep-alive socket reuse race condition.
+//
+// The race is between responseOnEnd() and requestOnFinish(), both of which
+// can call responseKeepAlive().  The window is: req.end() has been called,
+// the socket write has completed (writableFinished true), but the write
+// callback that emits the 'finish' event has not fired yet.
+//
+// With plain HTTP the window is normally too narrow to hit.  This test
+// widens it by delaying every client-socket write *callback* by a few
+// milliseconds (the actual I/O is not delayed, so writableFinished becomes
+// true while the 'finish'-emitting callback is still pending).
+//
+// With Expect: 100-continue, the server responds quickly while the client
+// delays req.end() just slightly (setTimeout 0), creating the perfect
+// timing for the response to arrive in that window.
+//
+// On unpatched Node, the double responseKeepAlive() call corrupts the
+// socket by stripping a subsequent request's listeners and emitting a
+// spurious 'free' event, causing requests to hang / time out.
+
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const http = require('http');
+const net = require('net');
+
+const REQUEST_COUNT = 100;
+const agent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true, maxSockets: 1 });
+
+// Delay every write *callback* on the client socket so that
+// socket.writableLength drops to 0 (writableFinished becomes true) before
+// the callback that ultimately emits the 'finish' event fires.  With
+// HTTPS the TLS layer provides this gap naturally; for plain HTTP we
+// need to create it artificially.
+const patchedSockets = new WeakSet();
+function patchSocket(socket) {
+  if (patchedSockets.has(socket)) return;
+  patchedSockets.add(socket);
+  const delay = 5;
+  const origWrite = socket.write;
+  socket.write = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {
+    if (typeof encoding === 'function') {
+      cb = encoding;
+      encoding = null;
+    }
+    if (typeof cb === 'function') {
+      const orig = cb;
+      cb = (...args) => setTimeout(() => orig(...args), delay);
+    }
+    return origWrite.call(this, chunk, encoding, cb);
+  };
+}
+
+const server = http.createServer(common.mustCall((req, res) => {
+  req.on('error', common.mustNotCall());
+  res.writeHead(200);
+  res.end();
+}, REQUEST_COUNT));
+
+server.listen(0, common.mustCall(() => {
+  const { port } = server.address();
+
+  async function run() {
+    try {
+      for (let i = 0; i < REQUEST_COUNT; i++) {
+        await sendRequest(port);
+      }
+    } finally {
+      agent.destroy();
+      server.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  run().then(common.mustCall());
+}));
+
+function sendRequest(port) {
+  let timeout;
+  const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    function done(err) {
+      clearTimeout(timeout);
+      if (err)
+        reject(err);
+      else
+        resolve();
+    }
+
+    const req = http.request({
+      port,
+      host: '127.0.0.1',
+      method: 'POST',
+      agent,
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Length': '0',
+        Expect: '100-continue',
+      },
+    }, common.mustCall((res) => {
+      assert.strictEqual(res.statusCode, 200);
+      res.resume();
+      res.once('end', done);
+      res.once('error', done);
+    }));
+
+    req.on('socket', patchSocket);
+
+    timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      const err = new Error('request timed out');
+      req.destroy(err);
+      done(err);
+    }, common.platformTimeout(5000));
+
+    req.once('error', done);
+
+    setTimeout(() => req.end(Buffer.alloc(0)), 0);
+  });
+  return promise.finally(() => clearTimeout(timeout));
+}
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-https-expect-continue-reuse-race.js b/test/parallel/test-https-expect-continue-reuse-race.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..f2aa8c125179f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-https-expect-continue-reuse-race.js
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Regression test for a keep-alive socket reuse race condition.
+//
+// The race is between responseOnEnd() and requestOnFinish(), both of which
+// can call responseKeepAlive().  The window is: req.end() has been called,
+// the socket write has completed (writableFinished true), but the write
+// callback that emits the 'finish' event has not fired yet.
+//
+// HTTPS widens this window because the TLS layer introduces async
+// indirection between the actual write completion and the JS callback.
+//
+// With Expect: 100-continue, the server responds quickly while the client
+// delays req.end() just slightly (setTimeout 0), creating the perfect
+// timing for the response to arrive in that window.
+//
+// On unpatched Node, the double responseKeepAlive() call corrupts the
+// socket by stripping a subsequent request's listeners and emitting a
+// spurious 'free' event, causing requests to hang / time out.
+
+const common = require('../common');
+
+if (!common.hasCrypto)
+  common.skip('missing crypto');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const https = require('https');
+const fixtures = require('../common/fixtures');
+
+const REQUEST_COUNT = 100;
+const agent = new https.Agent({ keepAlive: true, maxSockets: 1 });
+
+const key = fixtures.readKey('agent1-key.pem');
+const cert = fixtures.readKey('agent1-cert.pem');
+const server = https.createServer({ key, cert }, common.mustCall((req, res) => {
+  req.on('error', common.mustNotCall());
+  res.writeHead(200);
+  res.end();
+}, REQUEST_COUNT));
+
+server.listen(0, common.mustCall(() => {
+  const { port } = server.address();
+
+  async function run() {
+    try {
+      for (let i = 0; i < REQUEST_COUNT; i++) {
+        await sendRequest(port);
+      }
+    } finally {
+      agent.destroy();
+      server.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  run().then(common.mustCall());
+}));
+
+function sendRequest(port) {
+  let timeout;
+  const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    function done(err) {
+      clearTimeout(timeout);
+      if (err)
+        reject(err);
+      else
+        resolve();
+    }
+
+    const req = https.request({
+      port,
+      host: '127.0.0.1',
+      rejectUnauthorized: false,
+      method: 'POST',
+      agent,
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Length': '0',
+        Expect: '100-continue',
+      },
+    }, common.mustCall((res) => {
+      assert.strictEqual(res.statusCode, 200);
+      res.resume();
+      res.once('end', done);
+      res.once('error', done);
+    }));
+
+    timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      const err = new Error('request timed out');
+      req.destroy(err);
+      done(err);
+    }, common.platformTimeout(5000));
+
+    req.once('error', done);
+
+    setTimeout(() => req.end(Buffer.alloc(0)), 0);
+  });
+  return promise.finally(() => clearTimeout(timeout));
+}