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Python break and continue

Video link: https://youtu.be/Mho_1WO-ht4

In this video, we learned about break and continue statements in Python that can be used to alter the flow of a normal loop.

Programs in the Video

Python break Statement

The break statement is used to terminate the loop completely. The control of the program flows to the statement immediately after the body of the loop.

for item in range(1, 6):
    print(item)
    break

Output

1

Here, in the first iteration, the value of item is 1. This is printed by the print() function.

When the break statement is encountered, the loop immediately ends, so nothing else gets printed.

If break was used in front of the print() statement, the loop would have terminated immediately without printing anything.

for item in range(1, 6):
    break
    print(item)

break statements are almost always used inside decision-making statements like if...else to end the loop only when a certain condition is met.

Using break Statement with for

for item in range(1, 6):
    if item == 3:
        break
    print(item)

print("The end")

Ouput

1
2
The end

Using break with while

Let's create a program that prints number entered by the user, but terminates once the user enters a negative number.

while True:
    number = float(input("Enter a number: "))
    if number < 0:
        break
    print("You entered:", number)

Output

Enter a number: 4
You entered: 4.0
Enter a number: 67
You entered: 67.0
Enter a number: -9

Here, the program terminates as soon as the user enteres a negative number.

Python continue Statement

The continue statement in Python skips the rest of the code inside the loop for that iteration.

The loop will not terminate but continues on with the next iteration.

Example: Using continue with for

for i in range(5):
    number = float(input("Enter a number: "))

    # check if number if negative
    if number < 0:
        continue

    print(number)

Output

Enter a number: 4
You entered: 4.0
Enter a number: 54
You entered: 54.0
Enter a number: -9
Enter a number: 76
You entered: 76.0
Enter a number: 67
You entered: 67.0

Here, the continue statement is used to skip the current iteration when the number entered by the user is negative.

Unlike break, continue does not terminate the loop entirely, the loop runs specified number of times (5 in this case).

Programming Task

Can you create a program so that all items of the languages list are printed except Swift and C++?

languages = ["Python", "Java", "Swift", "C", "C++"]
languages = ["Python", "Java", "Swift", "C", "C++"]

for language in languages:
    if language == "Swift" or language == "C++":
        continue
    print(language)

Output

Python
Java
C