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Configure a Python virtual environment for AI development

Installing Python 3 on macOS:

  • Check if Python is already installed. Open the Terminal and type:
python3 --version

If Python 3 is installed, you'll see the version number. If not, proceed with the installation.

  • Install Python 3 using Homebrew. Homebrew is a popular package manager for macOS. Execute the following command to install Python 3 by Homebrew:
brew install python
  • After installation, verify that Python 3 is installed by checking the version again:
python3 --version

Installing Python 3 on Linux:

  • Update the package list. Open a Terminal window and update your package list:
sudo apt update
  • Install Python 3. For Debian-based systems like Ubuntu, use:
sudo apt install python3
  • Verify the installation. Check if Python 3 is installed by running:
python3 --version

Install Python package manager pip3

  • Check if pip3 is already installed. Open the Terminal and type:
pip3 --version

If it's already installed, you'll see the version number.

  • Install pip3 using Homebrew. If pip3 isn't installed, and you have Homebrew installed, you can install pip3 by installing Python 3 (since pip3 comes bundled with Python 3):
brew install python

Installing pip3 on Linux:

  • Update the package list. Open a Terminal window and update your package list:
sudo apt update
  • Install pip3. For Debian-based systems like Ubuntu, use:
sudo apt install python3-pip
  • Verify the installation. Check if pip3 is installed by running:
pip3 --version

Alternative Installation Method: Using get-pip.py

If pip3 is not available in your package manager, you can use the get-pip.py script to install it manually:

  • Download ``get-pip.py```:
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
  • Run the script with Python 3:
python3 get-pip.py
  • Verify the installation:
pip3 --version

Installing and configuring Miniconda

Step 1: Download the Miniconda Installer.

  1. Choose the appropriate Miniconda installer:
    • Visit the Miniconda download page and choose the macOS installer for Python 3.
    • Download the .pkg installer for macOS.

Step 2: Install Miniconda.

  1. Run the installer:

    • Locate the downloaded .pkg file (usually in your Downloads folder) and double-click it to run the installer and follow the installation prompts to install Miniconda.

  2. Complete the installation:

    • After the installation completes, you should see a confirmation screen. Click Close to exit the installer.

Step 3: Verify the Installation

  1. Verify the Conda installation:

    • Type the following command in the Terminal and press Enter: 
      conda --version
    • You should see the version of Conda that you installed, indicating that the installation was successful.

  2. Optional Step: You can customize your Conda experience by setting the CONDA_HOME environment variable to point to the Miniconda installation directory.

export CONDA_HOME=/opt/miniconda3
export PATH="$CONDA_HOME/bin:$PATH"

By default, when you install Miniconda, it will be located in: /opt/miniconda3.

Step 4: Initialize Conda

  1. Initialize Conda for your shell:

    • Run the following command in the Terminal to initialize Conda: 
      conda init
    • This command configures your shell to use Conda.

  2. Restart your Terminal:

    • Close and reopen your Terminal to apply the changes.

Step 5: Create and Manage Conda Environments

  1. Create a new environment:
    • To create a new Conda environment, use the following command: 
      conda create --name ai_book_env
    • ai_book_env will be our enviroment for developing applications.
  2. Activate the environment:
    • To activate the environment, use the following command: 
      conda activate ai_book_env
  3. Deactivate the environment:
    • To deactivate the environment, use the following command: 
      conda deactivate

Step 6: Additional Configuration (Optional)

  1. Configure Conda channels:
    • Conda uses channels to find packages. You can add additional channels if needed. For example, to add the conda-forge channel: 
      conda config --add channels conda-forge
  2. Update Conda:
    • It's a good idea to keep Conda up to date. You can update Conda with the following command: 
      conda update conda