diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.test.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7adbd4524
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import vitePluginRscCore from './plugin'
+
+describe('rsc:patch-react-server-dom-webpack', () => {
+  function getHandler() {
+    const plugins = vitePluginRscCore()
+    const plugin = plugins.find(
+      (p) => p.name === 'rsc:patch-react-server-dom-webpack',
+    )!
+    return (plugin.transform as { handler: (...args: any[]) => any }).handler
+  }
+
+  it('preserves sourcemap chain when replacing __webpack_require__', () => {
+    const handler = getHandler()
+    const code = 'const x = __webpack_require__("test");\n'
+    const result = handler(code, '/test.js')
+
+    expect(result).toBeDefined()
+    expect(result.code).toContain('__vite_rsc_require__')
+    expect(result.code).not.toContain('__webpack_require__')
+
+    // The transform MUST return a valid sourcemap (not null) to keep the
+    // Rollup sourcemap chain intact.  Returning `map: null` silently breaks
+    // downstream error-location resolution, causing Rollup to emit
+    // "Can't resolve original location of error" for every module that
+    // passes through this transform.
+    expect(result.map).not.toBeNull()
+    expect(result.map).toHaveProperty('mappings')
+    expect(result.map.mappings).toBeTruthy()
+  })
+
+  it('preserves sourcemap chain when replacing __webpack_require__.u', () => {
+    const handler = getHandler()
+    const code = 'const u = __webpack_require__.u;\n'
+    const result = handler(code, '/test.js')
+
+    expect(result).toBeDefined()
+    expect(result.code).toContain('({}).u')
+    expect(result.map).not.toBeNull()
+    expect(result.map).toHaveProperty('mappings')
+    expect(result.map.mappings).toBeTruthy()
+  })
+
+  it('handles both patterns in the same source', () => {
+    const handler = getHandler()
+    const code = [
+      'const u = __webpack_require__.u;',
+      'const x = __webpack_require__("test");',
+      '',
+    ].join('\n')
+    const result = handler(code, '/test.js')
+
+    expect(result).toBeDefined()
+    expect(result.code).toContain('({}).u')
+    expect(result.code).toContain('__vite_rsc_require__')
+    expect(result.code).not.toContain('__webpack_require__')
+    expect(result.map).not.toBeNull()
+    expect(result.map).toHaveProperty('mappings')
+    expect(result.map.mappings).toBeTruthy()
+  })
+
+  it('returns undefined when no __webpack_require__ is present', () => {
+    const handler = getHandler()
+    const result = handler('const x = 1;\n', '/test.js')
+    expect(result).toBeUndefined()
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.ts
index b7a408b76..57a4ec6a1 100644
--- a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.ts
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/core/plugin.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import MagicString from 'magic-string'
 import type { Plugin } from 'vite'
 
 export default function vitePluginRscCore(): Plugin[] {
@@ -6,25 +7,42 @@ export default function vitePluginRscCore(): Plugin[] {
       name: 'rsc:patch-react-server-dom-webpack',
       transform: {
         filter: { code: '__webpack_require__' },
-        handler(originalCode, _id, _options) {
-          let code = originalCode
-          if (code.includes('__webpack_require__.u')) {
-            // avoid accessing `__webpack_require__` on import side effect
-            // https://github.com/facebook/react/blob/a9bbe34622885ef5667d33236d580fe7321c0d8b/packages/react-server-dom-webpack/src/client/ReactFlightClientConfigBundlerWebpackBrowser.js#L16-L17
-            code = code.replaceAll('__webpack_require__.u', '({}).u')
-          }
+        handler(code, id, _options) {
+          if (!code.includes('__webpack_require__')) return
+
+          // Use MagicString to perform replacements with a proper sourcemap,
+          // so the Rollup sourcemap chain stays intact and doesn't emit
+          // 'Can't resolve original location of error' warnings for every
+          // file processed by this transform (e.g. all "use client" modules).
+          const s = new MagicString(code)
 
-          // the existance of `__webpack_require__` global can break some packages
-          // https://github.com/TooTallNate/node-bindings/blob/c8033dcfc04c34397384e23f7399a30e6c13830d/bindings.js#L90-L94
-          if (code.includes('__webpack_require__')) {
-            code = code.replaceAll(
-              '__webpack_require__',
-              '__vite_rsc_require__',
-            )
+          // Match `__webpack_require__.u` first (longer pattern), then bare
+          // `__webpack_require__`, in a single left-to-right pass to avoid
+          // overlapping overwrites into MagicString.
+          const re = /__webpack_require__(?:\.u)?/g
+          let match: RegExpExecArray | null
+          while ((match = re.exec(code)) !== null) {
+            const { index } = match
+            if (match[0] === '__webpack_require__.u') {
+              // avoid accessing `__webpack_require__` on import side effect
+              // https://github.com/facebook/react/blob/a9bbe34622885ef5667d33236d580fe7321c0d8b/packages/react-server-dom-webpack/src/client/ReactFlightClientConfigBundlerWebpackBrowser.js#L16-L17
+              s.overwrite(index, index + match[0].length, '({}).u')
+            } else {
+              // the existance of `__webpack_require__` global can break some packages
+              // https://github.com/TooTallNate/node-bindings/blob/c8033dcfc04c34397384e23f7399a30e6c13830d/bindings.js#L90-L94
+              s.overwrite(
+                index,
+                index + match[0].length,
+                '__vite_rsc_require__',
+              )
+            }
           }
 
-          if (code !== originalCode) {
-            return { code, map: null }
+          if (s.hasChanged()) {
+            return {
+              code: s.toString(),
+              map: s.generateMap({ hires: true, source: id }),
+            }
           }
         },
       },